Cardiac Outcomes in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer Exposed to Cardiotoxic Therapy: A Cross-sectional Study.
Publication/Presentation Date
1-19-2016
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Studies of cardiac disease among adult survivors of childhood cancer have generally relied on self-reported or registry-based data.
OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess cardiac outcomes among survivors of childhood cancer.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.
SETTING: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.
PATIENTS: 1853 adult survivors of childhood cancer, aged 18 years or older, who received cancer-related cardiotoxic therapy at least 10 years earlier.
MEASUREMENTS: Baseline history and physical examination, fasting metabolic and lipid panels, echocardiography, electrocardiography, and 6-minute walk test.
RESULTS: One half of the survivors (52.3%) were men with a median age of 8 years (range, 0 to 24 years) at cancer diagnosis and 31 years (range, 18 to 60 years) at evaluation. Cardiomyopathy was present in 7.4% survivors (newly identified at the time of evaluation in 4.7%), coronary artery disease in 3.8% (newly identified in 2.2%), valvular regurgitation or stenosis in 28.0% (newly identified in 24.8%), and conduction or rhythm abnormalities in 4.4% (newly identified in 1.4%). Nearly all survivors were asymptomatic. The prevalence of cardiac conditions increased with age at evaluation, ranging from 3% to 24% among survivors aged 30 to 39 years to 10% to 37% among those aged 40 years or older. In multivariable analysis, survivors exposed to anthracycline doses of 250 mg/m2 or more had greater odds of cardiomyopathy (odds ratio, 2.7 [95% CI, 1.1 to 6.9]) than those who were not exposed. Survivors exposed to heart radiation also had increased odds of cardiomyopathy (odds ratio, 1.9 [CI, 1.1 to 3.7]) compared with those who were not exposed. Radiation exposure greater than 1500 cGy with any anthracycline exposure conferred the greatest odds for valve findings.
LIMITATIONS: Sixty-one percent of survivors exposed to anthracycline chemotherapy or cardiac-directed radiation participated. A comparison group and longitudinal assessments were not available.
CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular screening identified considerable subclinical disease among adult survivors of childhood cancer.
PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: National Cancer Institute, American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities.
Volume
164
Issue
2
First Page
93
Last Page
101
ISSN
1539-3704
Published In/Presented At
Mulrooney, D. A., Armstrong, G. T., Huang, S., Ness, K. K., Ehrhardt, M. J., Joshi, V. M., Plana, J. C., Soliman, E. Z., Green, D. M., Srivastava, D., Santucci, A., Krasin, M. J., Robison, L. L., & Hudson, M. M. (2016). Cardiac Outcomes in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer Exposed to Cardiotoxic Therapy: A Cross-sectional Study. Annals of internal medicine, 164(2), 93–101. https://doi.org/10.7326/M15-0424
Disciplines
Business Administration, Management, and Operations | Health and Medical Administration | Management Sciences and Quantitative Methods
PubMedID
26747086
Department(s)
Administration and Leadership
Document Type
Article