Antibiotic dip and irrigation solutions confer increased antimicrobial efficacy of inflatable penile prosthesis hydrophilic surfaces compared with 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate.

Publication/Presentation Date

9-3-2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) (0.05%) has recently been suggested as both a dip for the hydrophilic surface and an irrigation solution in the setting of penile prosthesis (PP) surgery.

AIM: The study sought to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of 0.05% CHG with vancomycin and gentamicin (VG) antibiotics as dip and/or irrigation solutions in the setting of a hydrophilic PP surface in vitro.

METHODS: Sterile PPs with a hydrophilic coating were obtained. A series of experiments were performed to evaluate the efficacy of normal saline (NS), 0.05% CHG, or VG as dip and/or irrigation solutions to reduce methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus adhesion to PP surfaces. The 8-mm discs from PPs were incubated in 105 colony-forming units/mL of methicillin-sensitive S aureus for 48 hours, plated, and counted. Disc-diffusion tests were conducted by suspending 6-mm discs for 2 minutes in NS, 0.05% CHG, or VG, then placing them coated side down onto plates streaked with the following organisms: methicillin-sensitive S aureus, S epidermidis, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli. After 24 hours of growth, zones of inhibition were measured.

OUTCOMES: We found average bacterial counts (colony-forming units/mL) and zones of inhibition (mm) following a series of treatment protocols of PP discs.

RESULTS: PP discs dipped in VG reduced bacterial adhesion to the implant surface >0.05% CHG (~5.5 log vs ~1.5 log; P <  .01). Discs irrigated with either 0.05% CHG or NS removed all dip solution adsorbed to the hydrophilic surface, allowing bacterial growth. VG irrigation adsorbed to the hydrophilic surface even after 0.05% CHG or NS dips, reducing bacterial adherence (~3 log). Dipping and irrigating discs with VG was most effective in reducing adherent bacteria (~5.5 log) and was the only irrigation that showed antimicrobial activity.

CLINICAL TRANSLATION: VG, when used both as a prophylactic dip and as an intraoperative irrigation solution for hydrophilic penile implant surfaces, has improved efficacy to 0.05% CHG and NS.

STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS: This is the first study to compare the use of VG, 0.05% CHG, and NS as prophylactic dips and intraoperative irrigations for hydrophilic penile implant surfaces. Limitations include the use of in vitro studies, which serve as a proxy for in vivo practices and may not be entirely accurate nor translatable clinically.

CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the superior efficacy of VG as a combined dip and irrigation solution for hydrophilic penile implant surfaces compared with 0.05% CHG.

Volume

21

Issue

9

First Page

816

Last Page

822

ISSN

1743-6109

Disciplines

Business Administration, Management, and Operations | Health and Medical Administration | Management Sciences and Quantitative Methods

PubMedID

38979774

Department(s)

Administration and Leadership

Document Type

Article

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