Impact of Levofloxacin for the Prophylaxis of Bloodstream Infection on the Gut Microbiome in Patients With Hematologic Malignancy.

Publication/Presentation Date

7-1-2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the differential impact of levofloxacin administered for the prophylaxis of bloodstream infections compared with broad-spectrum beta-lactam (BSBL) antibiotics used for the treatment of neutropenic fever on the gut microbiome in patients with hematologic malignancy.

METHODS: Stool specimens were collected from patients admitted for chemotherapy or stem cell transplant in the setting of the evaluation of diarrhea from February 2017 until November 2017. Microbiome characteristics were compared among those exposed to levofloxacin prophylaxis vs those who received BSBL antibiotics.

RESULTS: Sixty patients were included, most with acute myeloid leukemia (42%) or multiple myeloma (37%). The gut microbiome of patients with BSBL exposure had significantly reduced Shannon's alpha diversity compared with those without (median [interquartile range {IQR}], 3.28 [1.73 to 3.71] vs 3.73 [3.14 to 4.31];

CONCLUSIONS: The impact of antibiotics on the gut microbiome varies by class, and levofloxacin may disrupt the gut microbiome less than BSBLs in this patient population.

Volume

6

Issue

7

First Page

252

Last Page

252

ISSN

2328-8957

Disciplines

Medicine and Health Sciences

PubMedID

31281857

Department(s)

Hematology-Medical Oncology Division

Document Type

Article

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