High response rate in refractory and poor-risk multiple myeloma after allotransplantation using a nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen and donor lymphocyte infusions.
Publication/Presentation Date
5-1-2001
Abstract
Standard allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) regimens have been associated with a high transplant-related mortality (TRM) in multiple myeloma (MM). Nonmyeloablative therapy can establish stable engraftment after allo-SCT and maintain the antitumor effect with less toxicity, which is important in heavily pretreated and elderly patients. We report on 16 poor-risk MM patients receiving allo-SCT from an HLA-matched (n = 14) or mismatched (n = 2) sibling following conditioning with melphalan 100 mg/m(2) (MEL-100). Ten patients had refractory relapse, 4 responsive relapse, and 2 patients were in near complete remission (nCR) with poor-prognosis disease. Patients had received 1 (n = 9) or 2 (n = 7) prior autotransplants. Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) were given to 14 patients with no clinical evidence of graft versus host disease (GVHD) either to attain full donor chimerism (n = 4) or to eradicate residual disease (n = 10). Fifteen patients showed myeloid engraftment, and 12 patients were full donor chimeras at day +21. No TRM was observed during the first 100 days. Acute GVHD developed in 10 patients; 1 had fatal grade IV GVHD. Seven progressed to chronic GVHD, limited in 3 and extensive in 4 patients. At a median follow-up of 1 year, 5 patients achieved and sustained CR, 3 nCR, and 4 partial remission. Of 4 patients progressing after transplantation, 3 achieved a remission following further chemotherapy and DLI. Remarkable graft versus myeloma responses were seen in chemotherapy-refractory patients. Two patients died of progressive disease, and 3 died of GVHD complications without active disease. GVHD remains a major problem with this procedure.
Volume
97
Issue
9
First Page
2574
Last Page
2579
ISSN
0006-4971
Published In/Presented At
Badros, A., Barlogie, B., Morris, C., Desikan, R., Martin, S. R., Munshi, N., Zangari, M., Mehta, J., Toor, A., Cottler-Fox, M., Fassas, A., Anaissie, E., Schichman, S., & Tricot, G. (2001). High response rate in refractory and poor-risk multiple myeloma after allotransplantation using a nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen and donor lymphocyte infusions. Blood, 97(9), 2574–2579. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.9.2574
Disciplines
Medicine and Health Sciences
PubMedID
11313244
Department(s)
Department of Medicine, Hematology-Medical Oncology Division
Document Type
Article