Developmental dysplasia of the hip: can contrast-enhanced MRI predict the development of avascular necrosis following surgery?
Publication/Presentation Date
2-1-2021
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the performance of contrast-enhanced MRI for predicting avascular necrosis (AVN) of the treated femoral head after surgical reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) using qualitative and quantitative methods.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: This IRB-approved, HIPAA compliant retrospective study included 47 children who underwent same-day contrast-enhanced MRI following unilateral surgical hip reduction between April 2009 and June 2018. Blinded to the clinical outcome, 3 reviewers (2 pediatric radiologists and 1 pediatric orthopedist) independently categorized the enhancement pattern of the treated femoral head. Signal intensities, measured using regions of interest (ROI), were compared between treated and untreated hips and percent enhancements were compared between hips that developed and did not develop AVN. Post-reduction radiographs were evaluated using Salter's criteria for AVN and Kalmachi and MacEwen's classification for growth disturbance. Non-parametric tests and Fisher exact test were used to compare enhancement values between AVN and non-AVN hips. Bonferroni correction was used for multiple comparisons.
RESULTS: Ten (21%) out of the 47 children (7 boys and 40 girls; mean age 9.0 ± 4.7 months) developed AVN. Age at surgical reduction was significantly higher (p = 0.03) for hips that developed AVN. No significant differences were found in gender (p = 0.61), laterality (p = 0.46), surgical approach (p = 0.08), history of pre-operative bracing (p = 0.72), abduction angle (p = 0.18-0.44), enhancement pattern (p = 0.66-0.76), or percent enhancement (p = 0.41-0.88) between AVN and non-AVN groups.
CONCLUSION: Neither enhancement pattern nor percent enhancement predicted AVN, suggesting that post-reduction conventional MRI does not accurately distinguish between reversible and permanent vascular injury.
Volume
50
Issue
2
First Page
389
Last Page
397
ISSN
1432-2161
Published In/Presented At
Nguyen, J. C., Back, S. J., Barrera, C. A., Patel, M., Nguyen, M. K., Hong, S., & Sankar, W. N. (2021). Developmental dysplasia of the hip: can contrast-enhanced MRI predict the development of avascular necrosis following surgery?. Skeletal radiology, 50(2), 389–397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-020-03572-z
Disciplines
Medicine and Health Sciences
PubMedID
32772128
Department(s)
Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine Fellows and Residents, Fellows and Residents
Document Type
Article