Relevance of CSF, Serum and Neuroimaging Markers in CNS and PNS Manifestation in COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Case Report and Case Series.
Publication/Presentation Date
10-14-2021
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The data on neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients has been rapidly increasing throughout the pandemic. However, data on CNS and PNS inflammatory disorders in COVID-19 with respect to CSF, serum and neuroimaging markers is still lacking.
METHODS: We screened all articles resulting from a search of PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus, using the keywords "SARS-CoV-2 and neurological complication", "SARS-CoV-2 and CNS Complication" and "SARS-CoV-2 and PNS Complication" looking for transverse myelitis, vasculitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis (AHNE), cytotoxic lesion of the corpus callosum (CLOCC) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), published between 1 December 2019 to 15 July 2021.
RESULTS: Of the included 106 CNS manifestations in our study, CNS inflammatory disorders included transverse myelitis (17, 14.7%), AHNE (12, 10.4%), ADEM (11, 9.5%), CLOCC/MERS (10, 8.6%) and vasculitis (4, 3.4%). Others were nonspecific encephalopathy, encephalitis, seizures and stroke. Most patients were >50 years old (75, 70.8%) and male (64, 65.3%). Most (59, 63.4%) were severe cases of COVID-19 and 18 (18%) patients died. Of the included 94 PNS manifestations in our study, GBS (89, 92.7%) was the most common. Most of these patients were >50 years old (73, 77.7%) and male (59, 64.1%). Most (62, 67.4%) were non-severe cases of COVID-19, and ten patients died.
CONCLUSION: Our comprehensive review of the clinical and paraclinical findings in CNS and PNS manifestations of COVID-19 provide insights on the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and its neurotropism. The higher frequency and severity of CNS manifestations should be noted by physicians for increased vigilance in particular COVID-19 cases.
Volume
11
Issue
10
ISSN
2076-3425
Published In/Presented At
Podury, S., Srivastava, S., Khan, E., Kakara, M., Tandon, M., Shrestha, A. K., Freeland, K., Wen, S., & Sriwastava, S. (2021). Relevance of CSF, Serum and Neuroimaging Markers in CNS and PNS Manifestation in COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Case Report and Case Series. Brain sciences, 11(10), 1354. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11101354
Disciplines
Medicine and Health Sciences
PubMedID
34679418
Department(s)
Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine Fellows and Residents, Fellows and Residents
Document Type
Article
