The Accessory Nerve: A Comprehensive Review of its Anatomy, Development, Variations, Landmarks and Clinical Considerations.
Publication/Presentation Date
4-1-2019
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The eleventh cranial nerve, the accessory nerve, has a complex and unique anatomy and has been the subject of much debate. Herein, we review the morphology, embryology, surgical anatomy, and clinical manifestations of the accessory nerve. Included in this review, we mention variant anatomy, molecular development, histology, and imaging of the accessory nerve.
CONCLUSIONS: The accessory nerve continues to be a topic of much discussion regarding its exact function and in particular to its cranial roots. Recently, various surgical procedures have been devised that repurpose the accessory nerve (e.g., lengthening procedures, contralateral neurotization procedures). Currently, we continue to learn and have much to learn about this lower cranial nerve. Anat Rec, 302:620-629, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Volume
302
Issue
4
First Page
620
Last Page
629
ISSN
1932-8494
Published In/Presented At
Johal, J., Iwanaga, J., Tubbs, K., Loukas, M., Oskouian, R. J., & Tubbs, R. S. (2019). The Accessory Nerve: A Comprehensive Review of its Anatomy, Development, Variations, Landmarks and Clinical Considerations. Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007), 302(4), 620–629. https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.23823
Disciplines
Medicine and Health Sciences
PubMedID
29659160
Department(s)
Department of Medicine
Document Type
Article