[Not Available].
Publication/Presentation Date
11-1-1999
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We investigated the association of cigarette smoking with high-grade carotid artery stenosis in patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks. METHODS: Prospectively collected data from 404 patients with focal brain ischemia were used for a cross-sectional study estimating the association between cigarette smoking and high-grade carotid artery stenosis (diagnosed by Doppler-ultrasound and defined as a luminal narrowing of > or = 70%). Cerebral ischemia patients with normal sonographic findings served as a comparison group. Multivariate logistic regression models were used for statistical tests to determine the association between smoking and high-grade carotid stenosis. Age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and co-existing heart disease (myocardial infarction, angina, heart failure) were considered potential confounders. RESULTS: High-grade carotid stenoses were found in 25% (n = 101) of the patients; 39% (n = 156) were classified as smokers. Smoking (odds ratio 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2 to 5.8), hypercholesterolemia (odds ratio 1.8; CI 1.1 to 2.8) and preexisting heart disease (odds ratio 1.7; CI 1.1 to 2.7) were significantly associated with carotid stenosis > or = 70%. The impact of smoking augmented with increasing degree of stenosis (odds ratio for stenoses > or = 80%: 4.3, CI 2.3 to 7.7), whereas the association with hypercholesterolemia, and co-existing heart disease decreased in strength for stenoses greater than 80%. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were not found to be significantly with high-grade carotid artery stenoses. CONCLUSION: Smoking is an independent determinant of severe carotid artery stenosis in patients with focal cerebral ischemia.
Volume
67
Issue
11
First Page
483
Last Page
486
ISSN
1439-3522
Published In/Presented At
Stapf, C., Hartmann, A., Hofmeister, C., Schumacher, H. C., Marx, P., & Mast, H. (1999). Zigarettenrauchen als Risikofaktor hochgradiger Stenosen der Arteria carotis. Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie, 67(11), 483–486. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-995224
Disciplines
Medicine and Health Sciences
PubMedID
10598330
Department(s)
Department of Medicine
Document Type
Article