Rituximab-Induced Splenic Rupture and Cytokine Release.

Publication/Presentation Date

1-1-2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND Rituximab is a therapeutic monoclonal antibody that is used for many different lymphomas. Post-marketing surveillance has revealed that the risk of fatal reaction with rituximab use is extremely low. Splenic rupture and cytokine release syndrome are rare fatal adverse events related to the use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, especially in aggressive malignancies with high tumor burden. CASE REPORT A 55-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and type B symptoms and was diagnosed with mantle cell lymphoma. Initial peripheral blood flow cytometry showed findings that mimicked features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Further treatment with rituximab led to catastrophic treatment complications that proved to be fatal for the patient. CONCLUSIONS Severe cytokine release syndrome associated with biologics carries a very high morbidity and case fatality rate. With this case report we aim to present the diagnostic challenge with small B-cell neoplasms, especially mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic lymphomas, and underscore the importance of thorough risk assessment for reactions prior to treatment initiation.

Volume

17

First Page

165

Last Page

169

ISSN

1941-5923

Disciplines

Medical Sciences | Medicine and Health Sciences

PubMedID

26972227

Department(s)

Department of Medicine, Hematology-Medical Oncology Division, Department of Medicine Faculty, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Document Type

Article

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