Advancements in Human Breast Cancer Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy.
Publication/Presentation Date
1-1-2021
Abstract
Human breast cancer treatment regimens have evolved greatly due to the significant advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathways of the common subtypes of breast cancer. In this review, we discuss recent progress in breast cancer targeted therapy and immunotherapy as well as ongoing clinical trials. We also highlight the potential of combination therapies and personalized approaches to improve clinical outcomes. Targeted therapies have surpassed the hormone receptors and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) to include many other molecules in targetable pathways such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6). However, resistance to targeted therapy persists, underpinning the need for more efficacious therapies. Immunotherapy is considered a milestone in breast cancer treatments, including the engineered immune cells (CAR-T cell therapy) to better target the tumor cells, vaccines to stimulate the patient's immune system against tumor antigens, and checkpoint inhibitors (PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA4) to block molecules that mediate immune inhibition. Targeted therapies and immunotherapy tested in breast cancer clinical trials are discussed here, with special emphasis on combinatorial approaches which are believed to maximize treatment efficacy and enhance patient survival.
Volume
12
Issue
23
First Page
6949
Last Page
6963
ISSN
1837-9664
Published In/Presented At
Bou-Dargham, M. J., Draughon, S., Cantrell, V., Khamis, Z. I., & Sang, Q. A. (2021). Advancements in Human Breast Cancer Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy. Journal of Cancer, 12(23), 6949–6963. https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.64205
Disciplines
Medicine and Health Sciences
PubMedID
34729098
Department(s)
Fellows and Residents
Document Type
Article