Palliative balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty for infants with unrestrictive ventricular septal defect or single ventricle associated with severe pulmonary stenosis.

Publication/Presentation Date

11-1-2015

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Symptomatic infants with unrestrictive ventricular septal defect (VSD) or single ventricle with severe pulmonary stenosis (PS) are typically treated surgically. High surgical risk infants may benefit from catheter-based palliative pulmonary valvuloplasty.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with severe PS associated with unrestrictive VSD or single ventricle who underwent palliative pulmonary valvuloplasty as initial management and describe outcomes.

RESULTS: From 2000 to 2013, 16 patients met inclusion criteria and underwent valvuloplasty at a median age and weight of 25 (range 1-352) days and 3.65 (range 2.2-12) kg. Common diagnoses included tetralogy of Fallot (50%) and double-outlet right ventricle (25%). In all, the indication was cyanosis. Reasons to defer surgery included low weight (37.5%), preference for complex operation at older age (31.25%) and significant comorbidity (18.75%). Following valvuloplasty, significant increases in oxygen saturation (83.1±8.8 vs. 74.7±8.7%, P=0.008) and QP:QS (1.6±0.5 vs. 0.8±0.3, P=0.0005) occurred. All two ventricle patients (n=10) ultimately had complete operative repair at a median of 125 (range 27-382) days after valvuloplasty, during which time there was 20.3±9.2 g/day of weight gain without change in oxygen saturation. Single ventricle patients who underwent cavopulmonary connection (n=3) had similar weight gain and palliation time, but with a decrease in oxygen saturation. Two patients required reintervention to augment QP prior to definitive repair.

CONCLUSIONS: In select infants with unrestrictive VSD or single ventricle associated with severe PS, palliative pulmonary valvuloplasty provides an effective and durable method of increasing oxygen saturation until definitive surgical treatment can be performed.

Volume

86

Issue

5

First Page

829

Last Page

833

ISSN

1522-726X

Disciplines

Medicine and Health Sciences | Pediatrics

PubMedID

26152515

Department(s)

Department of Pediatrics

Document Type

Article

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